| Mass (kg)
| 4.87 x 1024
|
| Diameter (km)
| 12104
|
| Mean density (kg/m3)
| 5250
|
| Escape velocity (m/s)
| 10400
|
| Average distance from Sun
| 0.723 AU (108,208,930 km)
|
| Rotation period (length of day in Earth days)
| 243.02 (retrograde)
|
| Revolution period (length of year in Earth days)
| 224.7
|
| Obliquity (tilt of axis degrees)
| 178
|
| Orbit inclination (degrees)
| 3.39
|
| Orbit eccentricity (deviation from circular)
| 0.007
|
| Mean surface temperature (K)
| 726
|
| Visual geometric albedo (reflectivity)
| 0.59
|
| Highest point on surface
| Maxwell Montes
(17 km above mean planetary radius)
|
| Atmospheric components
| 96% carbon dioxide,
3% nitrogen,
0.1% water vapor
|
| Surface materials
| basaltic rock and altered materials
|
